W0346
Distortion of Substrates in Class I and Class II
Mannosidase Active Sites: A Structural Study. Niket Shah, Douglas A. Kuntz
& David R. Rose, Dept. of Medical Biophysics, Univ. of Toronto, Ontario
Cancer Institute, 610 University Avenue, Room 7-111, Toronto, ON M5G2M9
CANADA.
The N-glycosylation pathway is responsible for the covalent
attachment of carbohydrate chains on asparagine residues of nascent proteins at
Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus sequences. These carbohydrate chains are thought to aid
in cell signaling, immune recognition, and other processes.
Mannosidases are enzymes in the N-glycosylation pathway that
cleave mannose linkages at different stages of the pathway. These enzymes fall
into two broad classes (class I and class II) based on amino acid sequence,
catalytic mechanism, and structure.
In recent years, crystal structures of mannosidases have been
solved to high resolutions. For this study, we utilize two mannosidases for
which crystal structures are available: endoplasmic reticulum
α1,2-mannosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (class I; abbreviated
ERMI) and Golgi α-mannosidase II from Drosophila melanogaster (class
II; abbreviated dGMII) (Vallée et al., 2000). Inhibitors against
mannosidases are usually more efficacious against one class than another, as is
expected with the divergent catalytic mechanisms.
We present the structural comparison of various carbohydrate
analogs in the active sites of both ERMI and dGMII. It is hoped that the study
of both strong and weak inhibitors will aid in the design of novel inhibitors
against these and other enzymes of the N-glycosylation pathway.